Hayatus Sahabah - The Lives of the Sahaba, ForeWord

BismillahirRahmanirRahhim

All praise belongs to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], the Rabb (the Cherisher, the Creator, the Sustainer) of the universe (and whatever it contains), Who is the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful and Master of (all affairs on) the Day of Recompense. (O Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) You Alone do we worship, and You Alone do we ask for help. Guide us to the straight path (the path of Islaam); the path of those whom You have favoured (byguiding them aright) and not the path of those with whom You are angry, nor the path of those who have gone astray. [Surah Faatiha, verses 1-7]

Verily Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is my Rabb and your Rabb, so worship Him (only without ascrjbingpartners to Him). [Surah Aal Imraan, verse 51]

Say (O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]),"Certainly my Rabb has guided me to the straight path. This (Deen of lslaam) is the secure Deen that is the Deen of Ibraheem AlaihisSalam, which is Haneef (not inclined towards any deviation but is inclined to the straight way which is the path Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] sanctions). He (Ibraheem AlaihisSalam) was never from the Mushrikeen." Say, "Truly my salaah, all my acts of worship, my life and my death are for Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], the Rabb of the universe." (Also say, O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) "He (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) has no partner. With this (Towheed) have I been commanded (to adhere to) and I am the first of the Muslims."[Surah An'aam, verses 161 - 163]

(O Muhammed [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam])Say, "O people! Indeed to all of you (to the entire mankind until the Day of Qiyaamah) I am the Rasool of that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] to Whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. There is no Ilaah besides Him and it is He Who gives life and death. So believe in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool (who is) the untutored Nabi who believes in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His words (the Qur'aan). Follow him so that you may be rightly guided (because there is no salvation without Imaan and belief in thc Risaalah of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam])."[Surah A'raaf, verse 158]

We have sent every Rasool so that he should be obeyed by the order of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]. If only it were that when they (the hypocrites) oppress (wrong) their souls (by referring their disputes to others), they should come to you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) seeking Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] forgiveness and then the Rasool (Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) seeks forgiveness on their behalf, they will then surely find that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] will forgive them if they obey Him and realise that the judgement of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] is absolute).[surah Nisaa, verse 64]

O you who have Imaan! Obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool and do not turn away from him (do not oppose him by listening to evil influences) while you are listening (to the Qur'aan and other advices).[surah Anfaal, verse 20]

Obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] so that mercy is shown to you.[Surah Aal Imraan, verse 132]

Obey (the commands of) Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool and do not fall into dispute with each other, for then you will become cowardly (weak) and your strength will be lost. Exercise sabr, for verily Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is with those who exercise sabr. [Surah Anfaal, verse 46]

O you who have Imaan! Obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] obey the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and those in command among you (your leaders and authorities in all fields). If you dispute regarding any matter, then refer it to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (find the solution in the Qur'aan) and the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] (or find the solution in the Ahaadeeth) if you believe in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and the Last Day. This is best (for all) and gives the best result (because you will then not be basing your decisions on your personal opinions,.[Surah Nisaa, verse 591]

When the Mu'mineen are called to appear before Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] so that he may pass judgement between them, all they say is, 'We hear and we obey" (they are pleased to accept Rasulullah Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam's judgement). These are the successful ones. (The successfull ones who reach their goaol) are those who obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], who fear Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and do not disobey Him. [Surah Noor, verse 51,52]

Say, "Obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and obey the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] "If they turn away, then the Rasool is responsible only for what he has been entrusted with (passing on the message) and you people are responsible for what you have been entrusted with (for accepting the message). If you obey, you will be rightly guided. The , Rasool is responsible only for clear propagation. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has promised those of you who have Imaan and who do good actions that He will definitely make them successors (of the rulers) on earth just as He had made those before them successors. And He will certainly grant (great) strength to the Deen that He has chosen for them and will certainly replace their fear with peace (on condition that) they worship Me and do not ascribe any as partner to Myself. Those who are ungrateful after this are sinful indeed. Establish salaah, pay zakaah and obey the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] (in all matters) so that mercy may be shown to you.{Surah Noor, verses 54-56)

O you who have Imaan! Fear Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and speak what is right (speak the truth, speak with justice, speak of matters related to Deen and speak everything good, especially the Dhikr of AIlaah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]. (If you do this,) Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] will correct (accept) your (good) deeds and forgive you your sins. Whoever obeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has succeeded tremendously.[Surah Ahzaab, verses 70, 71]

O you who have Imaan! Respond (quickly to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool when they call you towards that (the injunctions of the Deen) which will give you life (an eternal life of happiness in the Aakhirah). Know that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] comes between a man and his heart (because of which no person can have Imaan without AIlaah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s permission) and that you shall be gathered before Him (on the Day of Qiyaamah, hen you will have to account for your actions).[Surah Anfaal, verse 24]

Say, "Obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and the Rasool (Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] by practising the Sunnah)." If they turn away, then (bear in mind that) surely Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] does not like the Kaafiroon.[Surah Aal Imraan, verse 32]

(because Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] conveys the message of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) and whoever turns away, (refusing to accept the message, then O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], you should not upset yourself because) We have not sent you as a watcher (guard) over them (you will not be questioned for their denial because your responsibility is merely to convey the message to the best ofyour ability).[Surah Nisaa, verse 80]

Those who obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] will be (in the Aakhirah) with those Ambiyaa, "Siddeeqeen", martyrs and righteous ones on whom Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has bestowed His bounties. These are indeed the best of companions. This (companionship of the pious) is a favour from Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] suffices as the Knower (ofeverything).[Surah Nisaa, verses 69, 70]

These (laws concerning) are the limits of Allah. Whoever obeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] will enter him into Jannaat beneath which rivers flow, where they shall live forever. That is the supreme success (a great achievement). Whoever disobeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and oversteps His limits (later dying as a Kaafir), Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall enter him into the Fire (of Jahannam) where he shall live forever. He shall suffer a disgracing punishment. [Surah Nisaa, verses 13, 14]

They ask you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) about the spoils of war (about who will receive what portion of the spoils afier the Battle of Badr). Say, "The spoils of war are for Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]' and His Rasool (for them to distribute it justly among the soldiers). So fear Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] correct your mutual relations and obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool (the Shari'ah) if you are (true) Mu'mineen." The Mu'mineen are those whose hearts tremble when Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is mentioned, whose (strength of Imaan) increases when His Aayaat are recited to them and (as a result, they are those) who trust only in their Rabb. They (the Mu'mineen) are those who establish salaah (perform it with all its etiquette) and who spend (for His pleasure) from what We have provided for them.
These are the true Mu'mineen (about whose Imaan there can be no doubt). For them shall be elevated ranks by their Rabb (in Jannah), forgiveness and bountiful Sustenance.[Surah Anfaal, verses 1-4]

The Mu'mineen men and the Mu'mineen women are supporters (helpers, protectors) of each other. They command (others and each other to do) good, prevent evil, establish salaah, pay zakaah and obey Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. These are the ones on whom Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall soon shower mercy. Verily Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is Mighty, The Wise.[surah Taubah, verse 71]

Say (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]), "If you love Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] then follow me (Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] will then love you (He will reward you and grant you numerous material and spiritual blessings and forgive your sins. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful."[surah Aal Imraan, verse 31]

There is definitely an excellent example in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] for the one who fears Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and the Last Day, and who remembers Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] abundantly.[surah Ahzaab, Verse 21]

The booty (wealth) that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] granted His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] (without a battle being fought) from the people of the villages is for Allah (to be distributed as Allah pleases), for the (needs of the) Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], for the relatives (of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]), for the orphans, for the poor and for the travellers so that this wealth may not remain as amassed riches with the wealthy among you (by distributing it in this manner, the wealth is circulated among people so that all may benefit). Hold fast to what (commands) the Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] gives you and refrain from what (actions) He prevents you (because whatever he instructs you is from Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]). Fear (disobeying) Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], for Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] punishes very severely. [Surah Hashar, verse 7]

Ahaadeeth Concerning Obedience to Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], Following him and Following the Khulafa [Radhiallahu Anhum]

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah [Radhiallahu Anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "Whoever obeys me, obeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and whoever disobeys me, disobeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] Whoever obeys my Ameer (whom I have appointed), obeys me and whoever disobeys my Ameer, disobeys me." [Bukhari]

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah [Radhiallahu Anhu] has also narrated that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "Everyone belonging to my Ummah shall enter Jannah except those who refuse (they will not enter Jannah)." "Who are those who refuse?" someone asked. Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] replied, "Those who obey me shall enter Jannah while those who disobey me are the ones who refuse." [Bukhari]

Hadhrat Jaabir [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrated that a few angels came to Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] while he was asleep. Addressing the others, one of the angels said, "There is a similitude for this friend of yours. Mention this similitude." One of them said, "But he is asleep." Another responded, "Although his eyes sleep, his heart remains awake." The angels then said, "His likeness is like that of a person who built a house and then prepared a feast there. He then sent a caller to invite people. Whoever accepted the invitation of the caller entered the house and enjoyed the meal. On the other hand, those who did not accept the invitation neither entered the house nor partook of the meal."

Some angels then said to the others, "Explain this to him (Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) so that he may understand it." One of them said, "But he is asleep." Another responded, "Although his eyes sleep, his heart remains awake." The angels then explained, "The house is Jannah and the caller is Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. Therefore, whoever obeys Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], obeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and whoever disobeys Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] disobeys Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]. Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] sets people apart (those who obey him have obeyed Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and will enter Jannah while those who do not obey him have disobeyed Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and will not enter Jannah). [Bukhari. Daarmi has also narrated a similar Hadith from Hadhrat Rabee'ah Jarashi, as quoted in Mishkaat (pg. 21)]

Hadhrat Abu Moosa Ash'ari [RadhiAllahu anhu] has reported that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "The likeness of myself and the Deen with which Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has sent me is like a person who comes to his people saying, 'O my people! I have personally seen a large army (approaching to attack you) and I am warning you without any ulterior motives. So save yourselves (by leaving the town)! Save yourselves!"' "So a group of his people obeyed him. They left early that evening, travelled calmly and were saved. Another group of his people regarded the warning as a lie. They therefore remained in the town and the enemy attacked them early the next morning, utterly destroying them. This is the likeness of those people who accept my word and practise the Deen I have brought and those people who disobey me and who reject the Deen I have brought." [Bukhari and Muslim]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "Every condition that afflicted the Bani Israa'eel will certainly afflict my Ummah as well (and the similarity of the conditions will be so close that it will be) just as the two soles of a pair of shoes correspond with each other. (Their conditions will be so close that). Even if a person from the Bani Israa'eel committed open incest with his mother, there will be someone from my Ummah who will do the same. Whereas the Bani Israa'eel split into seventy-two groups, my Ummah will split into seventy-three. All these are headed for Jahannam except one." The Sahabah [RadhiAllahu anhum] asked, "Which group will this be, O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]?'" "The one that follows my ways and the ways of my Sahabah [RadhiAllahu anhum]" [Tirmidhi]

Hadhrat Irbaadh bin Saariya [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that once after leading the salaah, Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] turned to the Sahabah [RadhiAllahu anhum] and delivered a lecture that caused their eyes to flow with tears and their hearts to tremble. Someone then said, "O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]! This lecture appears to be a parting advice so do tell us about the things that you wish to emphasise." Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "I advise you to fear Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and to listen to and obey (your Ameer) even if he is an Abyssinians lave because those coming after me shall witness tremendous disputes. (During these times) You should keep practising my Sunnah and the sunnah of my rightly guided Khulafa (the Khulafa Raashideen). Hold fast to this and bite hard into it. Beware of innovations (in the Deen) because every innovation (in Deen) is a Bid'ah and every pid'ah leads to deviation." [Tirmidhi and Abu Dawood]

Hadhrat Umar [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "When I asked my Rabb about the disputes to arise between my Sahabah [RadhiAllahu anhum] after me, He sent revelation to me saying, 'O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]! Your Sahabah [RadhiAllahu anhum] are like stars in My opinion. While all the stars are radiant, the radiance of some exceed the radiance of others. When their opinions differ concerning a matter, a person following the opinion of any of them will be rightly guided."' Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] added, "My Sahabah [RadhiAllahu anhum] are like stars. You will be rightly guided by following any one of them." [Razeen, as quoted in Jam'ul Fawaa'id Vol. 2 Pg. 201]

Hadhrat Hudhayfa [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "I do not know for how much longer I shall be with you." Indicating towards Hadhrat Abu Bakr [RadhiAllahu anhu] and Hadhrat Umar Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] added, "Follow these two after me, adopt the lifestyle of Ammaar [RadhiAllahu anhu] and believe whatever Ibn Masfood [RadhiAllahu anhu] tells you."

Hadhrat Bilaal bin Haarith [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "The person who revives a Sunnah of mine that had died after me shall receive the rewards of all those who practise it without any of their rewards being diminished. (On the other hand). The person who introduces any misleading ways with which Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool are displeased with, he shall bear the sins of all those who practise it without their sins being diminished." [Tirmidh, Ibn Maajah has also reported a similar Hadith from Katheer bin Abdillaah ibn Umar, who narrates from his father and grandfather.]

Hadhrat Amr bin Awf [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "The Deen will recoil to Hijaaz just as a snake recoils towards its hole. The Deen will then make its home in Hijaaz just as a mountain goat makes its home on the peaks of mountains. The Deen started off as a stranger and will again become a stranger as it started off, so glad tidings for (those who are regarded as) the strangers (because of their association with the Deen). They are the ones who will rectify the distortions that people had introduced into my Sunnah." [Tirmidhi]

Hadhrat Anas [RadhiAllahu anhu] reports that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] addressed him saying, "O my son! If you are able to pass the day and night without any ill-feelings in your heart for anyone, then do so." Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] then added, "O my son! This (practice) is among my Sunnah. Whoever loves my Sunnah loves me and whoever loves me shall be with me in Jannah." [Tirmidhi]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "Whoever holds fast to my Sunnah during times when my Ummah have been corrupted shall have the rewards of a hundred martyrs." [Targheeb wat Tarheeb Vol. 1 Pg. 44]

Bayhaqi and Tabraani have reported this Hadith from Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah [RadhiAllahu anhu], stating that the reward will be that of one martyr.

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah [RadhiAllahu anhu] reported that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "The person who holds fast to my Sunnah during times when my Ummah is corrupted shall have the reward of a martyr." [Tabraani and Abu Nu'aym in "Hilya"]

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "The person who holds fast to my Sunnah during times when my Ummah will be divided shall be like a person holding a burning charcoal." [Kanzul Ummaal Vol. 1 Pg. 47]

Hadhrat Anas [RadhiAllahu anhu] narrates that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "The person who turns away from my Sunnah has no affiliation with me." [Muslim]

Ibn Asaakir has narrated this Hadith from Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar [RadhiAllahu anhu] which begins with the words, "The person who practises my Sunnah has an affiliation with me." Hadhrat Aa'isha [RadhiAllahu anha] that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said , "The one who holds fast to the Sunnah shall enter Jannah." [Daar Qutni]

Hadhrat Anas [RadhiAllahu anhu] reports that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] said, "Whoever revives my Sunnah, has love for me and whoever loves me shall be with me in Jannah."[Sajzi]

Qur'aanic Verses Concerning Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum]

Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] is not the father of any men among you, but he is Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s Rasool and the seal of all Ambiyaa (after whom there shall never come another Nabi). Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has knowledge of all things. [Surah Ahzaab, verse 40]

O Nabi [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] We have certainly sent you as a witness (who will bear testimony against the Kufhar of all nations on The Day of Qiyaamah), a carrier of good news (to the Mu'mineen that they will enjoy Jannah), a Warner (to the Kuffaar that they will suffer the punishment of Jahannam if they do not accept Imaan) and as a caller to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] by His command and an illuminating lantern (who lit up the world filled with the darkness of kufr and Shirk with the light of Imaan and also produced the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] as guiding stars to guide people after him). [Surah Ahzaab, verses 45,46]

verily We have sent you (O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) as a witness (to testify to the actions of people on the Day of Qiyaamah), a carrier of good news (to the Mu'mineen) and a warner (to the Kuffaar) so that you (O people) believe in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] believe in His Rasool, assist Him (His Deen), revere Him and glorify Him morning and evening. [Surah Fatah, verses 8,9]

undoubtedly We have sent you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) with the truth, as a carrier of good news (to those who believe you) and as a warner (to those who refuse to believe you). You will not be questioned about the people of the Blaze (about those in the fire of Jahannam. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shad not ask you why they did not believe because your duty is to give them the message and not to force them to believe).[Surah Baqara, verse 119]

Verily We have sent you (O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) with the truth, as a carrier of good news (to the Mu'mineen) and (as) a warner (to the Kuffaar). (Your duty is nothing strange to people because) A warner (who cautioned people about the consequences of kufr) passed in every nation.[Surah Faatir, verse 24]

We have sent you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) to the whole of mankind only as a carrier of good news and a warner (and not as one who has to force people to accept Imaan). However, most people (the Kuffaaar) do not know (that you are Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] true Nabi.[Surah Saba, verse 28]

We have sent you (O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) only as a carrier of good news (to the Mu'mineen) and a warner (to the Kuffaaar).[Surah Furqaan, verse 56]

We have sent you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) as a mercy to the universe (to show mercy towards mankind, jinn and creation at large by guiding them to the path of salvation).[Surah Ambiyaa, verse 107]

It is He (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) Who sent His Rasool with guidance and the true religion (of Islaam) so that He may make it overcome all other religions even though the Mushrikeen detest it.[Surah Taubah verse 33]

from their midst (the Ambiyaa of every nation who will testify against the Kuffaar of their nations), and We shall make you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) witness over them (to testify in favour of the Ambiyaa that they did fulfil their responsibilities). We have revealed the Book (the Qur'aan) to you, that explains all thingsdo you (including the fact that all the Amblyaa fulfiled their duties) and which is (a means of guidance, a mercy and good news (offorgiveness, rewards and jannah) for those who submit (the Muslims).{Surah Nahl, verse 89)

Thus (just as Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has guided the Muslims to the straight path) We have made you (the Ummah of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam])such a group that is moderate in nature (free from excesses and shortcomings) so that you may be witnesses (on the Day of Qiyaamah) over people and the messenger (Rasutullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) a witness over you (When the nations of previous prophets will deny that their prophets preached the truth to them, the prophets will call for the Ummah of Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] as witnesses for them. When the ummah of Rasulullah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] testify that the prophets were truthful, they will be asked how they know this when they were not present during the times of the others. To this, the Ummah of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] will say that Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] had informed them. Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] will then make it clear that his Ummah are truthful).[Surah Baqara, verse 143]

Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has certainly revealed a Reminder (the Qur'aan) to you (so that you guard yourselves from making the same mistakes that the previous nations made). And (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has also sent toy ou) a Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] who recites Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s clear Aayaat (verses of the Qur'aan) to you to remove the Mu'mineen who do good deeds from darkness (sin, ignorance, kufr) and to bring them into light (obedience, knowledge, Imaan). Whoever believes in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and does good deeds, Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall enter him into Jannaat beneath which rivers flow. There they shall live forever. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has appointed a most excellent provision for him.[Surah Talaaq, verses 10, 11]

Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has certainly favoured the Mu'mineen by sending in their midst a Rasool (Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) from among them who recites to them His verses (of the Qur'aan), purifies them (from corrupt beliefs, Shirk, disobedience) and teaches them the Book (Qur'aan) and wisdom (the Sunnah). There is no doubt that these people were in open error before this (before the coming of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]). [Surah Aal Imraan, verse 164]

In a similar manner (as part of Our hvour to you) We have (also) sent to you a Rasool (messenger) from among yourselves (Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) who recites to you Our verses (of the Qur'aan); purifies you (from Shirk); teaches you the Book (Qur'aan) and wisdom (the teachings of the Qurhan); and teaches you what you knew not (he perfects both your knowledge and your actions). So think of Me (by performing salaah, making Dhikr, abiding by the Qur'aan and in all other matters) and I will think of you (by rewarding you and fulfilling your needs). Be grateful to Me (by obeying Me) and do not be ungrateful (by disobeying Me). [Surah Baqara, verses 151 , 152]

Undoubtedly a Rasool[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] from yourselves has come to you (someone whose lineage, morals, manners and integrity you know well. The difficulties that afflict you are very distressing to him. He is anxious for (good to come to) you and extremely forgiving and merciful towards the Mu'mineen. [surah Taubah, verse 128]

It is because of the mercy of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] that you (O Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) are lenient (gentle, forgiving soft-hearted with them (with the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum]). If you had been ill-tempered and hard-hearted, they would have all dispersed from around you. So pardon them, seek forgiveness for them and consult with them in matters (Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] therefore consulted with the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] very often). When you have taken a firm decision (after consulting with the , knowledgeable ones), then place your trust in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (and not on your resources and decision). Verily Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] loves those who place their trust in Him (and will sure & assist them),[Surah Aal Imraan, verse 159]

If you do not assist him (Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]),then indeed Allah[Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] had assisted him when the Kuffaar drove him out (of Makkah). He was the second of the two (the other Being his bosom fiend Abu Bakr [Radhiallahu Anhu]) when they were (hiding from the Kuffaaar in the cave (outside Makkah) and he (Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] ) told his companion (Abu Bakr [Radhiallahu Anhu] when the Kuffar were on the verge, of capturing them), "Do not grieve (do not fear for my safety). Verily Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is with us (and He will protect us from the Kuffaar)." So Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] caused His tranquillity (serenity, mercy andpeace) to descend on him, assisted him (on various occasions) with an army '(of angels and other creation) that you had not seen. And (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) placed the word of the Kuffaar (the call to Shirk) at the very bottom while the word of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (the Kalimah) is right at the top. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is Mighty, The Wise. (Therefore, if any person refuses to assist Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and Islaam, his assistance is not needed because [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall assist them as He did before.) [Surah Taubah, verse 40]

Muhammad[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] is Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s Rasool and those with him (the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum]) are stern against the Kuffaar and (yet) compassionate among themselves. You will see them sometimes bowing (in Ruku), sometimes prostrating (in Sajdah, always) seeking Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s bounty and His pleasure. Their hallmark (by which they are recognisea is on their faces because of the effect of prostration (referring to the illumination and humility apparent on their faces). This is their description in the Torah. Their description in the Injeel (Bible) is like that of a plant that sprouts its shoots and strengthens it, after which it becomes thick and stands on its own stem, pleasing the farmer. (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has nurtured the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] in this manner) So that the Kuffaar may be enraged by them (because of their animosity for Islaam and for the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has promised forgiveness and a grand reward for those of them who have Imaan and who do good deeds. [surah Fatah, verse 29]

I shall soon (in the Aakhirah) ordain it (My mercy) for those who adopt Taqwa, who pay zakaah, who believe in My Aayaat and who follow the Rasool (who is also) the untutored Nabi (Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], about) whom they find (his name and description) written in the Torah and the Injeel (both of which they have) with them. He (Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) instructs them to do good, prevents (forbids) them from evil, permits pure things for them (which was forbidden in the previous religions), forbids them from impure things (such as carrion, blood, etc) and removes from them the burden and shackles (the stern laws) that were (binding) upon them (such as cutting off the portion of a garment that is impure). So the successful ones are certainly those who believe in him, honour him, assist him and follow the light (the Qur'aan) revealed with him. [Surah A'raaf, verse 156,157]

Verses of the Qur'aan concerning the Sahabah[Radhiallahu Anhum]

Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has certainly turned in mercy towards the Nabi [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and towards the Muhaajireen and the Ansaar who followed him in the hour of difficulty (to Tabook) after the hearts of some of them were almost shaken (causing them to hesitate). Without doubt, He is Most Compassionate and Most Merciful towards them (by blessing them with steadhstness and devotion). And Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (has also turned in mercy towards) the three (Sahaaba [Radhiallahu Anhum], namely Murara bin Rabee [Radhiallahu Anhu], Ka'b bin Maalik [Radhiallahu Anhu] and Hilaal bin umawah [Radhiallahu Anhu] whose matter (forgiveness for not marching to Tabook) was postponed (for fifty days) until the earth narrowed for them despite its vastness (and they could find no place to hide themselves), their own souls narrowed for them (they became frustrated with themselves) and they were convinced that there was no safety from Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] except (in turning) towards Him. Then Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] turned towards them (in mercy) so that they (could) turn to Him (in repentance). Indeed Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is Most Pardoning, Most Merciful.[Surah Taubah, verse 117, 118]

Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] was well pleased with the Mu'mineen (the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum]) when they pledged their allegiance to you (O Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) beneath the tree (at Hudaybiyyah) Allah[Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] knew what was in their hearts, sent tranquillity to them (causing them to accept Allah[Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s commands without hesitation) and rewarded them with a victory close at hand (when they conquered khaybar soon after signing the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah) and (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] will also reward them with) abundant spoils of war that they will take (after conquering Khaybar). Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is always Mighty, wise [surah Fatah verse 18,19]

Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is pleased with the first to lead the way from the Muhaajireen, the Ansaar, and those who followed them with sincerity and they are pleased with Him. He has prepared for them such Jannaat beneath which rivers flow, in which they shall live forever. This is the ultimate success. (This verse clearly illustrates the great status of the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] and it will therefore be wrong to revile them.)[Surah Taubah, verse 100]

(A share of the booty received without a fight is also reserved) For the poor Muhaajireen who were removed from their homes and their possessions. They seek Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s grace and pleasure and assist Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and His Rasool [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. These are the ones who are true (in their claim to Imaan). (Part of this booty is also foij Those (the Ansaar) who adopted the place (Madinah) as their home before them (before the Muhaajireen) and (had adopted) Imaan. They (the Ansaar) love those who migrate to them (the Muhaajireen) and find no want (jealousy or envy) in their hearts for what they (the Muhaajireen) are given. They (the Ansaar) prefer (others) above themselves (they prefer to give others) even though they are themselves in need (of the things they give). (Like the Ansaar) Those who are saved from the miserliness (and greed) of the soul are really the successful ones (who will attain salvation). [Surah Hashar, verses 8,9]

Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] has revealed the most superb articulation; a Book (the Qur'aan) with subject matter of similar import (to reinforce teachings), which is often repeated (by people throughout the world and throughout time). The bodies of those who fear their Rabb shiver with it, after which their hearts and bodies soften to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s remembrance (causing them to do good deeds). This is Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s guidance, with which He guides whoever He wills. There can be no guide for the one whom Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] sends astray.[Surah Zumar, verse 23]

only those people (truly) believe in Our Aayaat who, when they are reminded about them, fall in prostration (out of fear and humility), glorify the praises of their Rabb and do not behave arrogantly. (These people are such that) Their sides part from their beds (they wake up for Tahajjud salaah), they make du'aa to their Rabb in fear (for His punishment) and (having) hope (in His mercy), and they spend (in charity) from what we have provided for them. No soul knows what pleasures are hidden for him (in Jannah) as a reward for the deeds he carries out. [Surah Sajdah, verses 15 - 17]

Whatever you have been given is merely an article of this worldly life (something to use temporarily). (On the other hand) What (reward) is with Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (in exchange foryour good deeds) is better (than everything of this world) and more lasting (eternal) for those who have Imaan, who trust (only) in their Rabb (to provide for them and to protect them) who abstain from major sins and immoral behaviour and who forgive when they are angry (without taking revenge). (These people who shall have Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s eternal reward are) Those who respond to (the commands of their Rabb, who establish salaah, whose affairs are (decided) by mutual consultation (counsel) between themselves, and who spend (in charity) from what We have provided for them. And (they are also) those who retaliate (only) when aggression affects them (without being aggressors).[surah Shura, verses 36-39]

Among the Mu'mineen there are men who are true to the pledge they vow to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (that they will fight in Jihaad until they die). Of them is he who has fulfilled his pledge (and has been martyred), and he who is waiting (to be martyred). They have not changed (their resolve) in the least (unlike the Munaafiqeen). (Such situations of trial and hardship take place) So that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] may reward the truthful (those who are true in their Imaan) for their truthfulness and punish the hypocrites if He wills or forgive them (when they repent sincere&). Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is always Most Forgiving, Most Merciful. [Surah Ahzaab, verses 23,24]

(Is the Kaafir better) Or the person who is engrossed in (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) worship throughout, the hours of the night, prostrating and standing, fearing the Aakhirah and hoping for the mercy of his Rabb? Say, "Can those with (spiritual) knowledge be equal to those who d onot have knowledge? Only those with (spiritual) intelligence will heed (good advice)." [Surah zumar, verse 9]

Mention of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] in the Divine Scriptures that Came Before the Qur'aan

Hadhrat Ataa bin Yasaar [Rahimullah] reports that once when he met Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Amr bin A1 Aas [Radhiallahu Anhu], he asked him, "Tell me about.the description of Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] in the Torah." Hadbrat Abdullaah bin Amr bin Al Aas [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "Alright. I swear by Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] that the Torah describes him just as the Qur'aan does. (It says) 'O Nabi [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]! Verily We have sent you as a witness, a giver of glad tidings, a Warner and a protection for the illiterate nation (the Arabs). You are My servant and My Rasool and I have named you Mutawakkil (One who relies on Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] only). You are neither ill-tempered, hard-hearted nor one who shouts in the marketplace. You do not resist ,evil with evil, but rather forgives and overlooks.' (The Torah continues to sag,) Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall never take him (Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) from the world until people straighten their crooked religion by saying, 'Laa Ilaaha Illalaah' ('There is none worthy of worship but Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]). By him shall Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] open blind eyes, deaf ears and veiled hearts."
[Ahmad. Bukhari has also reported a similar narration from Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Mas'ood [Radhiallahu Anhu]. Bayhaqi has also reported a similar narration from Ibn Salaam with the words, "Until he straightens the crooked religion." Ibn Is'haaq has also reported a similar narration from Ka'b Ahbaar, as did Bayhaqi do so in brief from Hadhrat Aa'isha [Radhiallahu Anha]]

Hadhrat Wahab bin Munabbih [Rahimullah] narrates that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] sent the following revelation to Hadhrat Dawood [Alaihis Salaam] in the Zaboor, "O Dawood! There shall soon come after you a Nabi whose name will be Ahmad and Muhammad. He shall be truthful and a leader and I shall never be angry with him. I have forgiven all his errors even before he can commit them. His Ummah shall be showered with My mercy. I shall grant them such Nawaafil (optional) that I have granted only to the Ambiyaa and I shall make compulsory for them such faraa'idhth at I have made compulsory only for the Ambiyaa and the Rasul. They will eventually come to me on the Day of Qiyaamah shining with the same light that shines from the Ambiyaa." Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] then said to Dawood [Alaihis Salaam], "O Dawood! I have granted superiority to Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and his Ummah over all other nations."[A1 Bidaayah wan Nihaayah Vol. 2 Pg. 326]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Amr [Radhiallahu Anhu] once asked Hadhrat Ka'b [Radhiallahu Anhu] to describe to Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and his Ummah to him. Hadhrat Ka'b [Radhiallahu Anhu] said, "I have found them (described as follows) in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s book (the Torah): Verily Ahmad and his Ummah shall praise Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] abundantly who will praise Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (by saying 'Alhamdu Lillaah') during favourable and adverse conditions. They will exalt Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (by saying 'Allahu Akbar') when ascending an incline and glorify Him (by saying 'Subhaan Allah') when descending from a raised place. Their call (the Adhaan) shall resound in the skies and during their salaah they will communicate (with Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]) with humming (whispering) sounds like the sound of bees against a rock. They will form rows in their (congregational) salaah just as the angels form rows and will form rows in battle as they do in salaah. When they go to battle in the path of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (for Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s pleasure), the angels will be before them and behind them with powerful spears. When they present themselves for battle in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s path, Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall shade (shelter) them just as a vulture shades her nest (while saying this, Hadhrat Ka'b [Radhiallahu Anhu] demonstrated with his hand how a vulture protects her nest by spreading her wings over it). They shall never flee from the battlefield." [Abu Nu'aym in his Hilya Vol. 5 Pg. 386.]

According to another narration, Hadhrat Ka'b [Radhiallahu Anhu] said, "(The Ummah of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] were described in the Torah as) People who shall praise Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] abundantly, who will praise Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (by saying 'Alhamdu Lillaah ') during all conditions. They will exalt Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (by saying Allahu Akbar') when ascending an incline. They will keep track of the sun (to ascertain the correct times of salaah). They shall perform their five daily salaah on time even though it be at a dusty place. They will tie their loincloths at their waists and wash their limbs (when performing wudhu)." [Abu Nu'aym in his Hilya. Another longer narration has also been reported from Hadhrat Ka'b [Radhiallahu Anhu] in the same book]

Ahaadeeth Describing Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]

Hadhrat Hasan bin Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] says that he once asked his uncle Hadhrat Hind bin Abi Haalah [Radhiallahu Anhu] to describe Rasulullaah[Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] because he could describe excellently. His reason for asking for a description of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] was to adopt something of the description (because Hadhrat Hasan bin Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] was only seven when Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] passed away, he did not have sufficient opportunity to study the appearance of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] in much detail).

Hadhrat Hind bin Haalah [Radhiallahu Anhu] began, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] was of outstanding stature, appearing such to others as well. His face shone brightly like the full moon at night. He was taller than the average person yet shorter than a lanky person. His head was gracefully large and his hair had gentle curls. If his hair formed a path, he would leave it that way, otherwise he never took pains to make one (while he would make a path if a path formed easily, he would not take pains to make one if it became difficult). When his hair grew long, it would be below his earlobes. His complexion was radiant and his forehead was wide. His eyebrows were full though fine and stood separately. Between the two was a vein which would swell when he became angry. His nose was smooth with a high bridge and had a lustre about it, which made an unacquainted person think that it was large (whereas its lustre only made it seem such). His beard was thick, his eyes were black and his cheeks were smooth and unobtrusive. His mouth was moderately wide, his teeth discreet with a slight gap between the two front teeth."

"The hair of his chest formed a thin line up to the navel. Because of its smoothness and clarity his neck appeared to be that of a carved silver statue. His body was firm and moderately built with his stomach in line with his chest. His chest was wide, his shoulders broad and his joints prominent and powerful. The uncovered parts of his body were always radiant. He had a lirie of hair running between his chest and navel and although his abdomen and breasts were hairless, his arms, shoulders and upper part of the chest had hair. He had long forearms, broad palms and his bones were well formed and straight. His hands and feet were well-built with his fingers and toes proportionately long. The inside of his foot was deep with the upper part so smooth that water easily flowed down them."

"He lifted his feet well off the ground and leaned forward when he walked. He put his steps down lightly and walked briskly, taking long strides as he went along. He walked as if he was descending from a high place. When he turned to someone, he turned his entire body towards the person. His kept his gazes lowered and would more often be looking down than up. (Out of modesty) He never looked at a person straight in the face, always walked behind his companions and greeted whoever he met before they greeted him."

Hadhrat Hasan [Radhiallahu Anhu] then asked his uncle to describe the manner in which Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] talked. To this, his uncle said, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] always remained grieved (concerning the Aakhirat), was forever concerned (for the plight of his Ummah) and had no rest. He remained silent for long periods and would speak only when necessary. From beginning to end his speech was complete (he did not speak vaguely) and spoke most comprehensively (without wasting words). His words were distinct and conclusive with neither excess nor shortage (leaving no room for ambiguity). He spoke kindly without being harsh towards anyone or embarrassing anyone. Regardless of how insignificant they seemed, he always held favours in high esteem without belittling them or praising them excessively (so that no greed is shown)."

"When the truth was being opposed, nothing could stem his anger until the truth was avenged." Another narration states, "Matters relating to this world never made him angry. However, whenever the truth (matters of Deen) met opposition, nothing and no one could stem his anger until the truth was avenged. He never became angry for personal reasons and never took revenge for anything affecting his personal life."

Whenever he pointed towards something, he pointed with his entire hand (and not only with one finger) and he always turned his hands over when expressing surprise. He (sometimes moved his hands when speaking and) would hit the palm of his right hand on the thumb of the left hand. When he was angry with someone, he would turn his face away from the person and then either ignore him or forgive him. When he was happy, he would lower his gaze because of modesty. Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] smiled most of the time and when he did, his teeth would shine like hailstones."

Hadhrat Hasan bin Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] says that he did not mention this description to his brother Hadhrat Husayn bin Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] for some time afterwards, but when he did, he gathered that his brother had learned about this from their uncle even before he could. He also learned that his brother Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] had even enquired from their father (Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu]) about the manner in which Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] entered his home, left the home, conducted his gatherings and about the other mannerisms and behavioural characteristics of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. It appeared that there was not any detail of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]' s life that Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] had not asked about.

Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] narrates further that when he asked his father Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] about the manner in which Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] entered the house, the reply was, "His entry into his home was by (Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] ) permission and when he arrived home, he divided his time into three parts. There was a part reserved for Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (for Ibaadah), a part for his family (to speak to them and to see to their needs) and a part for himself. The part reserved for himself was further divided between himself and the people. The Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] closest to him would (discuss matters with Rasulullaah at home and) pass on whatever they heard from Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] to the public without keeping anything secret. When allowing the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum],Wto enter into discussions with him during this time, it was his practice to give preference to the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] ho were most virtuous in terms of their merit in Deen. Among them were those who had one need, others who had two needs and others who had more needs. Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] would engage himself with (fulfilling the needs of)these people and would advise them concerning matters leading to their (spiritual) reformation and the reformation of the Ummah at large. Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] would enquire from those visiting him about the welfare of the Muslim public and advise them accordingly."

Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] would say to those coming to see him, 'Those present here should pass the message on to those who are absent. You should communicate to me the needs of those who are unable to present themselves (because they are too modest, afraid or living too far to appear themselves). On the Day of Qiyaamah, Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall keep firm the feet of that person who informs their leader about the needs of another person who cannot do so himself.' It was only matters of importance that were mentioned to Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and he did not entertain anything else (such as futile talk). People used to visit him in search of Deeni knowledge and would not leave without tasting something (this either means that they would not leave without receiving the knowledge they came for or that they would not leave without having something to eat or drink). They would leave him as guides towards good."

Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] further narrates that he asked his father about what Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] does when he left the house. Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] always guarded his tongue from everything besides matters that concerned him. He always put people at ease without ever making them feel uncomfortable (he always advised and censured them in a manner that never mahe them afraid being with him). He always honoured the noble persons of a tribe and appointed them as leaders of their tribes. He would warn people (about the punishment of the Aakhirah as well as about the harms' they faced from other elements and people). Together with warning others, he also guarded himself from the harms of others without depriving anyone of his cheerfulness and good character. He always watched over his companions and enquired about the welfare of the masses."

"Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] would commend anything good and encourage it. On the other hand, he condemned anything evil and discouraged it. He chose the moderate path in all matters and was never contradictory. He was never negligent of the Deeni welfare of the people so that they did not grow negligent towards the Deen or turn away from it altogether. He had a method of dealing with every situation without compromising on the rights of any person nor transgressing them in any way. The best of people were in his attendance and those that he regarded as the most virtuous were the ones who wished the best for others. In his estimation, the highest ranking people were those who sympathised most with people and assisted them most."

Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] narrates that he further asked his father about the gatherings that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] held. Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] never sat or stood without Dhikr on his tongue. He would never reserve a place for himself (in the Masjid) and also forbade others from doing this. Whenever he arrived in a gathering, he sat on the fringe of the gathering and instructed people to do the same. He gave equal attention to each person in the gathering so that all of them thought that they were the most honoured. Whenever a person sat with him or stood with him to address a need, Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] remained with him patiently until the person himself took leave. When anyone asked him for anything, he would give the person his need or kindly tell the person that he did not have the means to fulfil the need."

Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] generously distributed his cheerfulness and good character to every person so that he became a father to them all and fulfilled the rights of each one of them equally. His gatherings included forbearance, modesty, tolerance and confidentiality. Voices were never raised in his gatherings, reputations were never smeared and faults were never publicised. Those attending his gatherings were treated equally (no racial and social discrimination existed) and people were held in high esteem only in relation to the level of their Taqwa. Each person respected the other and just as the elderly were shown great reverence, the youngsters were shown great compassion. The needy were attended to and enquiries were made about strangers (to see to their needs)."

When Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] asked his father about Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]'s interaction with the people in his gatherings, Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] always smiled and displayed a tolerant attitude and a soft nature. He wasnever ill-tempered, never hard-hearted, never shouted, was never vulgar, never searched for the faults of people and never joked excessively. Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] pretended not to be aware of things he disliked but would not make a person lose hope in receiving something he wanted, which Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] himself disliked (he would give the person something to appease him or advise him kindly)."

"Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] divorced himself from three things and also prevented people from these three things. These were (1) arguing, (2) speaking too much and (3) indulging in futile talk. He never spoke ill of anyone, never insulted anyone and never searched for the faults of any person. He only spoke when he anticipated rewards for his speech."

Whenever Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] spoke, the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] sitting in the gathering sat with their heads bowed as if there were birds perched on their heads (they sat absolutely still like people afraid that any movement of theirs would disturb birds perched on their heads). The Sahabah remained silent as he spoke and spoke only when he was silent. They also took care never to argue in his presence. Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] expressed amusement when the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] laughed and expressed surprise when they did. He tolerated the blunt speech and harsh manner of questioning that strangers used (when they came to ask various questions). (Seeing that Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] did not mind the questions and because they were too respectful to ask such questions,) The Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhu] used to bring such strangers to the gatherings."

"Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] used to say, 'Help a needy person whenever you see one.' He did not tolerate anyone praising him, unless a person was expressing gratitude for a favour done (Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] allowed this so that people learned that they should express gratitude to others). He would never interrupt the speech of any person unless the person spoke something wrong, in which case, Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] would interrupt the speech by either stopping the person from continuing or by standing up and leaving."

Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] states further that he even asked his father about the manner in which Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] observed silence. His father Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] observed silence on four occasions. These were (1) when he needed to bear with something, (2) when exercising caution, (3) when considering something and (4) when pondering about something. There were two things that he always considered. These were how he could (1) see all people alike and (2) hear all of them alike. There were also two things that he usually pondered about. These were (1) that which is everlasting (the Aakhirah) and (2) that which will come to an end (this world). Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] had granted Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] both the qualities of forbearance and fortitude because of which nothing made him so angry that he lost control of himself.

[Tirmidhi has reported this entire lengthy Hadith in his Shamaail from Hadhrat Hasan [Radhiallahu Anhu], when he starts by saying that he once asked his uncle Hadhrat Hind bin Abi Haalah [Radhiallahu Anhu] to describe Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. The Hadith of his brother Hadhrat Husayn [Radhiallahu Anhu] is also mentioned, who narrates from his father Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu]. Reporting from Haakim, Imaam Bayhaqi [Rahimullahu Taala] has also narrated this Hadith in his 'Dalaa'ilun Nabuwah from Hadhrat Hasan [Radhiallahu Anhu] who says, "I once asked my uncle Hadhrat Hind bin Abi Haalah [Radhiallahu Anhu]..." Haafidh Ibn Katheer [Rahimullahu Taala] has also reported this Hadith in his book 'Al Bidaayah" (Vo1.6 Pg.33). As mentioned in Kanzul Ummaal (Vo1.4 Pg.32), this Hadith has also been reported by Ruyani, Tabraani and Ibn Asaakir. lmaam Baghawi [Rahimullahu Taala] has also reported it, as mentioned in Al-lsaabah (Vol.3 Pg.611).]

Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] exercised caution with regard to four matters. These were (1) ensuring that he does good and (2) giving importance to those things that would benefit the Ummah in this world as well as in the Aakhirah (his narration mentions only two matters). However, the narration in Kanzul Ummaal states, "Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] exercised caution with regard to four matters. These were (1) ensuring that he does good so that his example should be followed (2) avoiding evil so that others also stay away from it, (3) exerting his mind in matters that will benefit the Ummah and (4) giving importance to those things that would benefit the Ummah in this world as well as in the Aakhirah. [This narration appears in Jam'ul Fawaa'id (Vo1.8 Pg.275)]

Statements of the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] Concerning Their Qualities

Hadhrat Suddi [Radhiallahu Anhu] has reported the following narration from Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] concerning the verse:

'You were the best of all nations who have been raised for (the benefit and salvation of) mankind. You enjoin good and forbid evil and have Imaan in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]."{Surah Aal Imraan, verse 110)

He reports that Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] stated, "If Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] had willed, He would have used the word (meaning "You are"), in which case the verse would have referred to all of us (whether a person enjoins good and forbids evil or not). However, Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] used the word (meaning "you were") to refer specifically to the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhu]. Therefore, whoever does as the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhu] did (enjoins good and forbids evil) shall be among "the best of all nations, who have been raised for (the benefit and salvatiw of) mankind." [Ibn Jurayj and Ibn Abi Haatim.]

Hadhrat Qataadah [Radhiallahu Anhu] reports that Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] once recited the verse:

"You were the best of all nations who have been raised for (the benefit and salvation of) mankind. You enjoin good and forbid evil and have Imaan in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]." {Surah Aal Imraan, verse 110)

Thereafter, Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] said, "O people! Whoever wishes to be among this Ummah (who are the best of nations), then he should fulfil the condition that Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] mentions in the verse (i.e. enjoin good and forbid evil)." [Kanzul Ummaal Vol. 1 Pg.238]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Mas'ood [Radhiallahu Anhu] stated, "Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] looked at the hearts of all His servants and chose that of Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] then made him His messenger and granted him special knowledge from His own. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] then again gazed at the hearts of His servants and selected companions for Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] (the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum]) to assist (in the propagation of) His Deen and to be assistants in bearing the responsibility of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. Therefore, whatever these Mu'mineen (the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum]) regard as good, is good in the eyes of Allah 3,%ZG and whatever they regard as unacceptable, is unacceptable in the eyes of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]." [Abu Nu'aym in Hilya (Vol.1 Pg.375). It is also reported by Tayaalisi (Pg.33) and Ibn Abdil Birr in Isti'aab (Vol. 1 Pg.6) without the words "Therefore, whatever these Mu'mineen.. ."]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] had mentioned, 'Whoever wishes to follow the ways of another, should follow the ways of those who have passed away. These were the companions of Muhammad [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], who were the best people of this Ummah. Their hearts were most pious, their knowledge was deepest and they were least pretentious. They were people whom Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] had chosen to be companions of His Nabi [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and for the transmission of His Deen. You people should therefore emulate their character and mannerisms. By the Rabb of the Kabah! The Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] were correctly guided." [Abu Nu'aym in Hilya (Vol. 1 Pg.305)]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Mas'ood [Radhiallahu Anhu] once said to the people, "Although you people fast more often, perform more salaah and make more effort, the companions of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] were better than you." When the people asked him the reason for this, he replied, "Because they had less concern for this world and more concern for the Aakhirah." [ Abu Nu'aym in Hilya (Vol. 1 Pg. 136)]

Abu Waa'il [Rahimullahu Taala] arrates that Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Mas'ood [Radhiallahu Anhu] once heard a person saying, "Where are the people who have no concern for this world and look forward to the Aakhirah?" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Mas'ood [Radhiallahu Anhu] said to him, "They are the people of Jaabiya. [The name of place in Shaam where a large Muslim army fought the Roman army during the period when Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] served as Khalifa.] They were five hundred Muslim men who pledged that they would be martyred in battle and not return home. (Therefore, according to their custom,) They shaved off their hair, fought the enemy and were all martyred besides one who lived to tell the tale." [Hilya Vol. 1 Pg. 135]

Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] once heard a person saying, "Where are the people who have no concern for this world and look forward to the Aakhirah?" Taking the person to the graves of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam], Hadhrat Abu Bakr [Radhiallahu Anhu] and Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu], Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] said to him, "Were you asking about these personalities?" [Abu Nu'aym in Hilya (Vol. 1 Pg.307)]

Abu Araaka [Rahimullahu Taala] narrates that he once performed the Fajr salaah behind Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu]. After the salaah, Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] turned to his right and appeared to be extremely troubled. Eventually, when the sun rose the length of a spear's length above the Masjid wall, he performed two Rakaahs of salaah. Thereafter, he turned his hands over and said, "By Allah Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! I have seen the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and do not see the likes of them anywhere today. In the mornings, their faces were pale, their hair dishevelled, their bodies covkred in dust and between their eyes were the marks of prostration which resembled the marks on the knees of goats. Their nights were spent prostrating (in Sajdah) and standing before Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (in salaah). They recited the Book of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] (the Qur'aan) and would attain comfort by standing in salaah and making Sajdah. When the mornings arrived and they engaged in Dhikr, their bodies would move as the trees do when the gentle wind blows through them. Their eyes would flow with tears until their clothing got wet as if they (were remorseful because they) had spent their nights in negligence." Thereafter, Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] stood up and was never again seen laughing quietly until he was martyred by the wicked enemy of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], Ibn Muljim. " [Bidaayah (Vo1.8 Pg.6), Abu Nu'aym in Hilya (Vol.1 Pg.76) as well as Dinowri, Askari and Ibn Asaakir as mentioned in Kanzul Ummaal (Vo1.8 Pg.2 19)]

Hadhrat Diraar bin Damirah Kinaani [Rahimullahu Taala] once came to Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] who asked him to dekcribe Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] Hadhrat Diraar bin Damirah Kinaani [Rahimullahu Taala] said, "Would you excuse me?" Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "You cannot be excused." Hadhrat Diraar bin Damirah Kinaani [Rahimullahu Taala] continued, "If I have to say something, then I swear by Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] that Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] was a man of high objectives (with immense honour). He was a man of tremendous strength who always spoke decisively and passed judgement with utmost justice. Knowledge seemed to burst forth from his every limb (people learned something from his every word, action and even when he did nothing) and wisdom spoke through him from every angle. He kept aloof from the world and its attraction, taking comfort from the night and its darkness."

By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] shed many tears and remained in deep thought for long periods. He would often turn his hands over and address himself. He liked simple clothing and coarse (unrefined) food. By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! He was just like one of us and when we met with him, he would make us sit close to him and ensured that he answered our every question. Despite him being close to us and us being close to him, we were too overawed to speak to him. When he smiled, his teeth appeared to be a string of pearls. He showed enormous respect towards men learned in the matters of Deen and he showed great love towards the poor. In front of him, a powerful person never expected to succeed in his false claims and a weak person never lost hope in his justice."

"Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] is witness to the night when I once saw him sitting in his Mihraab when the night had already drawn its curtains and the stars had vanished. He was holding his beard and bending over, displaying the distress of a person bitten by a scorpion. He wept like a bitterly grieved person and I can still hear his cries echoing in my ears as he repeated the words, 'Yaa Rabbanaa! Yaa Rabbanaa! (Oh our Rabb! Oh our Rabb!)' In this way, he humbled himself before Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]. He then address the world saying, 'O world! Are you trying to deceive me? Are you staring expectantly at me? Get away! Get away and use your charms on someone else because I have divorced you thrice. Your life is short, your company is demeaning and people easily get into trouble because of you. Oh dear! Oh dear! The provision (for the journey to the Aakhirah) is meagre, the journey is long and the road is frightening."

(Upon hearing this,) Tears flowed uncontrollably from the eyes of Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] onto his beard and he began wiping them away with his sleeve. The people present were also choked with their weeping. Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] then said, "That was indeed an accurate description of Abul Hasan (Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu]). May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] have mercy on him. O Diraar, what was your reaction to his death?" Hadhrat Diraar bin Damirah Kinaani [Rahimullahu Taala] replied, "I felt the anguish of a woman whose only child is slaughtered in her lap, whose tears neither stop nor does her grief diminish." After saying this, Hadhrat Diraar bin Damirah Kinaani [Rahimullahu Taala] stood up and left.
[Abu Nu'aym (Vol.1 Pg.84). In his book Isti'aab (Vo1.3 Pg.44), Ibn Abdil Barr has also reported this narration from Hirmaazi who hailed from Hamdaan and who reported the same from Diraar Sadaa'i.]

Hadhrat Qataadah [Rahimullahu Taala] reports that someone once asked Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] if the Sahabah [Radhiallahu Anhum] ever laughed. He replied, "Yes. However, the Imaan in their hearts still remained firmer than mountains." [Abu Nu'aym in his Hilya (Vol. 1 Pg.31 1)]

Seeing the carriages of some Yemeni travellers made out of animal skin, Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu] remarked, "Whoever wishes to see a semblance of the Sahabah of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] should look at these people." [Kanzul Ummaal Vo1.7 Pg. 163]

Abu Sua'e ed AlQudri [Radhiallahu Anhu] reports that when Hadhrat Abu Ubaydah bin Jarraah [Radhiallahu Anhu] contracted a plague, he instructed Hadhrat Mu'aadh bin Jabal [Radhiallahu Anhu] to lead the salaah, which the latter did. When Hadhrat Abu Ubaydah bin Jarraah [Radhiallahu Anhu] passed away, Hadhrat Mu'aadh [Radhiallahu Anhu] addressed the people saying, "O people! Sincerely repent to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] for your sins because when any servant of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] meets Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] after he sincerely repents for his sins, Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] forgiveness is assured."

Hadhrat Mu'aadh [Radhiallahu Anhu] then proceeded to say, "You have been grieved by the loss of a man whom I swear had a heart more free from malice than any other I have seen. I have not seen another with a purer heart, who was further from evil, who had as much love for the Aakhirah and who cared more for the well-being of the masses. Pray for mercy to be showered on him and make for the open plain to perform his funeral prayer. I swear by Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] that you shall never have another leader like him."

The people gathered together and the bier of Hadhrat Abu Ubaydah [Radhiallahu Anhu]'s taken to the plain where Hadhrat Mu'aadh [Radhiallahu Anhu] led the funeral prayer. When the corpse was brought to the grave, Hadhrat Mu'aadh [Radhiallahu Anhu], Hadhrat Amr bin Al Aas [Radhiallahu Anhu] and Hadhrat Dahaak bin Qais [Radhiallahu Anhu] entered the grave to lay the body to rest. When they emerged from the grave, they closed the grave with sand and (standing at the head-side of the grave) Hadhrat Mu'aadh [Radhiallahu Anhu] addressed the deceased saying, "O Abu Ubaydah! I shall certainly heap praises on you but will say nothing untrue because I fear that it may incur Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] wrath. By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] as far as I know, you were certainly from among those people who abundantly engaged in the Dhikr of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], who walked humbly on earth and who would greet (and part company from) foolish people when they addressed you (to avoid disputes). You were among those who would neither be miserly nor wasteful when spending in charity, but who display excellent moderation between the two extremes. By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! You were among those whose hearts submitted to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], who displayed humility, who were compassionate towards orphans and the poor and who detested the behaviour of treacherous and arrogant people." [Haakim in his Mustadrak Vol.3 Pg.264]

Hadhrat Rib'ee bin Hiraash [Rahimullahu Taala] narates that Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] once sought permission to meet Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] at a time when members of various tribes of the Quraysh were with him. As Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] approached, Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] said to Hadhrat Sa'eed bin Al Aas [Radhiallahu Anhu] who was on his right-hand side, "I shall present to Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] such questions that he will be unable to answer." Hadhrat Sa'eed [Radhiallahu Anhu] rwplied, 'There is none like Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] to answer your questions."

When Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu][Radhiallahu Anhu] was seated, Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] asked him, "What have you to say about Hadhrat Abu Bakr [Radhiallahu Anhu]" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shower his mercy on Hadhrat Abu Bakr [Radhiallahu Anhu]. By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! He ardently recited the Qur'aan, stayed far from deviation, avoided immodesty, prevented (people from) evil, knew his Deen well and feared (disobeying) Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]. He engaged in ibaadah during the nights, fasted during the days, remained uncontaminated by the world and was committed to administering justice among Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s creation. He instructed what was good and always did what was good. He was grateful to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] in all conditions,engaged in Dhikr morning and evening and was hard on himself in matters relevant to reformation. He excelled ahead of his companions in terms of piety, contentment, abstinence, chasteness, virtue, caution, self-discipline and in repaying people for the good they do. May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] curses up to the Day of Qiyaamah be on those who deride him."

Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] then asked, "What have you to say about Hadhrat Umar bin Khattaab [Radhiallahu Anhu]?" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shower his mercy on Abu Hafs (Hadhrat Umar [Radhiallahu Anhu]). By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] He was a great supporter of Islaam, protector of the orphans, a treasure chest of Imaan and a shelter for the weak. By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! He was truly a sanctuary for the pious, a fortress for Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s creation and an ally to every person. With fortitude and confidence in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala], he established Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s true deen until the time came when Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] made the deen of Islaam dominant and subjugated many lands. Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s name was then mentioned in every direction, every hill and every spring in many parts of the world. He displayed exceptional tolerance when people spoke offensively, was always grateful to Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] during times of hardship and times of ease and engaged in the Dhikr of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] at every moment. May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s curse until the Day of Qiyaamah follow the person who harbours enmity for him."

Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] then continued, "What do you have to say about Hadhrat Uthmaan bin Affaan [Radhiallahu Anhu]?" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shower his mercy on Abu Amr (Hadhrat Uthmaan [Radhiallahu Anhu]). Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! He was an extremely honourable son-in-law (of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]) who kept the company of pious people and was among the most unfaltering soldiers. He stayed awake (performing Tahajjud salaah) for nights on end and wept excessively when engaging in Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s Dhikr. Throughout the day and night he remained thoughtful about matters of importance, always ready to do anything of virtue and never tiring of completing anything that would lead to salvation. Among his noble traits was that he stood firmly against every calamity and was the generous sponsor of the Muslim army (especially during the Tabook expedition) and the sponsor of the well (the well of Rooma which he bought from a Jew and donated it to the Muslims). After all, he was the husband of two of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]'s daughters. May remorse until the Day of Qiyaamah follow who the person speaks ill of him."

Thereafter, Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] asked Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] "What have you to say about Hadhrat Ali bin Abi Taalib [Radhiallahu Anhu]?" The reply was, "May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shower His mercy on Abu Hasan (Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu]). By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! He was a standard-bearer of knowledge, a fortune of piety, a stronghold of intelligence and a mountain of good. He was a light to those walking in the pitch darkness and an unrelenting caller to the great straight path. Hadhrat Ali [Radhiallahu Anhu] possessed profound knowledge of the earlier scriptures, propagated the teachings of the Qur'aan and always imparted excellent advice. He always clung to the ways of guidance and stayed far from injustice, causing harm to others and from everything destructive. He was the best of those who possessed Imaan and Taqwa and the leader of all those who dressed in sewn garments or in unstitched shawls. He was the most noble of those who performed Hajj and Sa'ee, the most magnanimous of those who administered justice and equity and the most eloquent of people save for the Ambiyaa and the chosen Rasool of Allah. He was also among those early Muslims who performed salaah facing towards both Qiblas (the Kabah and Baytul Maqdas). Can there be any monotheist equal to him? He was the extremely fortunate one to marry the best of women (Hadhrat Faatima [Radhiallahu Anha]) and was the father of the two noble grandsons (of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]). My eyes have never seen anyone like him and will never see anyone of his calibre until the Day of Qiyaamah, which is the Day of Meeting. May the curses of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] and the curses of every servant of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] until the Day of Qiyaamah be on the one who curses him."

Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] then asked, "What have you to say about Hadhrat Talha [Radhiallahu Anhu] and Hadhrat Zubayr [Radhiallahu Anhu]?" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] replied, "May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]'s mercy be showered on them. By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! They were both extremely virtuous and pious Muslims who remained extremely pure. They were both martyrs and exceptionally learned men. Although they made an error, Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shall forgive them because of the tremendous assistance they rendered (to Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and the propagation of Deen), because they were among the earliest Muslims, among earliest companions of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and because of the many good deeds they carried out."

Then Hadhrat Mu'aawiya [Radhiallahu Anhu] asked, 'What have you to say about Hadhrat Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu]" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu] said, "May Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] shower His mercy on Abul Fadhl (Hadhrat Abbaas [Radhiallahu Anhu]). By Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala]! He was the real brother of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam] and the delight of his eyes. He was a chosen servant of Allah [Tabaraka wa Ta'ala] a sanctuary for all people and the leader of all the uncles of Rasulullaah [Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam]. He possessed deep insight into all matters, always considered the consequences of everything and was adorned by profound knowledge. The virtue of others fades into the background when his virtues are mentioned and the achievements of other families seem insignificant before the accomplishments of his family. Why should he not be such a great person when he was raised by none other than Abdul Muttalib, who was the most honourable of people and the most esteemed of the Quraysh who ever walked or rode."
[The above is a part of a lengthy Hadith reported by Bayhaqi (Vo1.9 Pg.160) who reports from Tabraani but comments that one of the narrators is not known.]

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Siratal Mustaqim - 2015